Friday, March 8, 2013

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Froebels Idea Of The Importance Of Play Education Essay

Friedrich Wilhelm August Froebel (1782-1852) is commonly best known as the originator of the Kindergarten system. He was a German educationalist who was brought up with a strong Christian faith, which was pivotal to his educationalist thought. His love for nature also weighs heavy on his ideas and faith. He gained recognition from his first major work in 1826 The Education of Human Nature, but became renowned later in life when his kindergarten system gained acknowledgement. His ideas of kindergarten later took root in England, America and Australia and his work and ideas later influenced Karl Marx.

Froebel believed in the unity in all things stating that: ?an eternal law pervades and governs all things. The basis of this all-controlling law is an all-pervading, living, self conscious and therefore eternal unity. This unity is God.? He believed in the unity of knowledge and the interconnection of all things. Froebel was of the opinion that there are defined stages of infancy, childhood, boyhood and manhood. Stage two of childhood was what Froebel deemed the most important because he felt that at this stage they begin to come to terms with the unity of the universe and begin asking questions about life. His understanding of childhood was such that each child has a divine essence and is linked to the universe: ?it is, then, with childhood that real education begins. At this time the mind demands more care and attention than does the body?

Froebel believed in the child as fundamentally good. He said ? the only infallible remedy for counteracting any shortcomings and even wickedness is to find the originally good sources, the originally good side of the human?? his belief of the inherent goodness of a child relates to his ideas that the child should be encouraged to help and educate themselves in a certain respect. He thought that individual human prospects would come about through the work of the individual. He believed that ?the purpose of education is to encourage and guide man as a conscious, thinking and perceiving being in such a way that divine inner law through his own personal choice; education must show him the ways and meanings of attaining that goal.?

Froebels? conviction that children are naturally creative individuals and through play they become aware of their place in the world led to one of his central element of his pedagogical system, which is that of play. He felt that broadens their understanding of the environment they live in. Froebel thought that ?play is the purest, most spiritual activity of man at this stage,? and that ?play, then, is the highest expression of human development in childhood, for it alone is the free expression of what is in the child?s? soul.?

Froebel placed this emphasis on play in Kindergarten with the use of gifts (play materials) and occupations (activities). He believed that humans are essentially productive and creative and through engaging with the world, understanding could unfold. He presented the children with a series of geometrical gifts that were in a system of categories. A gift was given one at a time and the child was left to discover its properties and possibilities for design. Here, Froebels idea of unity was put into practice, as each toy related to the next in some way, which exemplifies the unity of all objects and things in the world. For example, the first ?gift? is a ball. Froebel writes that we should be ?concerned only with the ball itself in its simplest form and in its simplest relations. It may be free, or attached to a string, and in each case it can be moved either freely and indeterminately or vertically, horizontally, or obliquely, with reference to given surfaces. Here, as it were, it acts as a guide into the world of things, tracing their outlines by its movements, and so representing them?should be considered in relation to the child himself.? In this way, the child is free to discover the elements of the ball and educate and learn for themselves simply by observation and interaction with the ball. Froebel thought that ?Every external object comes to man with the invitation to determine its nature and relationships? the succeeding gift after the ball would be the Globe. Its has obvious similarities to the ball, but for a child, it represents a new level of understanding, for example its weight means that it moves in a different way to the ball. The globe did not banish or replace the ball; it reinforced the previous gift of the ball. The child would progress through stages of gifts and simultaneously each stage of understanding. However Froebel was sure that ?only the adequate development of man at each preceding stage can effect and bring about adequate development at each succeeding later stage.? He ultimately felt that: ?a plaything is any thing which is related to the child as means to a purpose, and which, by creating pleasant anticipation, calls forth play in which he finds fresh and continuous pleasure.?

The activities set for the children in Kindergarten included games, songs and stories designed to assist in sensory and physical development and socialisation. By playing, children socialise and imitate adult social and economic activities as they are gradually led into the larger world of group life. This relates to Froebels? idea of whole child education, where the child is being educated all round as an individual of society.

Froebel believed that the teacher-student relationship should be one of equality, not authority and felt that there should be a strong influence of the parent and siblings on the child?s educational learning and maturation. He believed that the child should receive a religious education as well. He states:

?I would educate human beings who with their feet stand rooted in gods earth, in nature, whose hands reach even into heaven and there behold the truth, in whose hearts are united both earth and heaven, the varied life of earth and nature??

I have discussed Froebels idea of the importance of play in kindergarten and in the development of the child. I believe it is one of his most specific and most emphasised elements of his pedagogical system. However In saying that term from the question, it raises a few problems. Pedagogy usually refers to a teaching system of a comprehensive plan on how to educate, whereas Froebels ?pedagogy? would be not to have one. He believed that the child?s environment made up the curriculum for the education and the children would teach themselves in certain ways and understand the environment and discover things for themselves. He said that: ??each individual learner contributes to, and collaborates in, his or her own learning.? Through this problem it is evident that Froebel had certain ideas on childhood that began his theoretical ideas on kindergarten, which later developed more fully into a sort of pedagogy.

In conclusion it is clear that Froebel was highly interested in the central figure of the child and their individual learning experience, similar to that of today?s child centred education. Froebel ultimately believed ?the essential business of the school is not so much to teach and to communicate a variety and multiplicity of things, as it is to give prominence to the ever-living unity that is in all things? Froebels kindergarten system and his idea of the nature of children are quite cohesive in such ways that he allows the child to educate themselves in the setting of the kindergarten thought use of his gifts and allows the child a certain freedom to explore the natural world and in turn develop their understanding of the universe. He wanted to develop individuals who were all rounded in their education and who had certain moral stances and who were in a way, free thinkers. In conclusion, his overall understanding and aim of kindergarten was that: ? Education in other words, should lead man to a clear knowledge of himself, to peace with nature, to unity with God.?

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Source: http://www.ukessays.com/essays/education/froebels-idea-of-the-importance-of-play-education-essay.php

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Reports: Apple's internet radio service delayed by slow-going music licensing negotiations

According to folks in the know who've spoken to Bloomberg and The New York Times, Apple's oft-rumored streaming radio service is set for a late arrival. The reason is because of snails-pace negotiations with the publisher Sony/ATV for music licensing deals. As the Times notes, Sony no longer lets outsiders like ASCAP dole out licenses, leaving itself as chief point of contact for such agreements on its content -- this apparently got Pandora locked into a twenty five-percent increase on royalty payments to Sony. Prior to today's reports, Bloomberg stated that Cupertino was aiming for a Q1 release for this year, and the NYT notes Apple hoped that launch would've happened near the Grammy Awards. If you'll recall, Apple's service is said be direct competition to others like Pandora rather than Spotify, as it would be ad-supported for revenue. As usual, take all of this with a grain of salt, and don't get too thirsty for an Apple-curated streaming music service just yet. More info at the source links.

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Source: New York Times, Bloomberg

Source: http://www.engadget.com/2013/03/07/apple-internet-radio-service-delay-sony/

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Sunday, March 3, 2013

American Idol: Five boys chosen as Sudden Death ends on low note

American Idol recap: On Thursday night, the final 10 boys competed for five spots. But with abysmal performances, few deserved a place in the top 20. Who was it?

By Jodi Bradbury,?Contributor / March 1, 2013

Keith Urban, Nicki Minaj and Ryan Seacrest attend the Fox Winter TCA Tour in California this January. On Thursday, the judges made their final decisions which boys will be in the top 20.

Todd Williamson/Invision/AP

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What a difference one day can make. On Wednesday night, the American Idol judges were faced with the tough task of having to send some truly talented girls home. ?On Thursday night, it seemed as though the struggle would be finding a single guy who deserved to stay.

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In fact, although the judges loved Vincent Powell's?rendition?of?"Cause I Love You," by Lenny Williams, the show didn't really start until Burnell?Taylor performed ? and he was the eighth one to sing. When the final judgements came from the American Idol judges, three out of the five to make it through were the last three to perform.?

Which is to say that this episode of American Idol was best watched via DVR, with your finger poised over the fast forward button. If you felt the need to watch it in its entirety, let his be a lesson to you. There is no need to make yourself suffer - especially when you have a writer who is committed to doing the suffering for you and then telling you about how bad it all was afterwards. Help me to help you.

Thursday's episode prompted so many questions. How in the world does Mariah Carey not know the song, "A Little Less Conversation?" Why would Gurpreet Singh Sarin?decide that now was a good time to abandon the type of performance that got him this far and instead opt for a painful version of "Nothing Ever Hurt Like You," by James Morrison? Why would Bryant Tadeo spend his entire intro clip talking about how proud he was to be Hawaiian and then sing, "New York State of Mind?" Who else was holding out for "Pineapple Princess?"

In the end, the judges needed to do their job and that job was not to pick the best but to pick those that weren't quite as bad as the others, with the exception of Burnell who is, in some strange way that is really hard to define, possibly the best of all the boys this season. Keith Urban summed it up best when he called Burnell, "so strikingly unique." Sure, he's not quite as unique as Zoanette Johnson but Burnell can actually sing, which is something that many people feel is important in, you know, a SINGING competition.

Joining Burnell in the top five on Thursday was Vincent Powell. Vincent is one of those singers who has legitimate talent but somehow it isn't talent that you actually want to listen to for very long. If he wants to stay in the competition once America starts voting, he needs to tone down his vocal acrobats and overindulgence.

Lazaro Arbos also made his Las Vegas dreams come true by singing Keith Urban's song, "Tonight I Wanna Cry," which was a sentiment many viewers were no doubt sharing. Not far behind Lazaro was Cortez Shaw. Nicki Minaj has a sweet spot for Cortez - never missing an opportunity to tell him how sexy he is. And even though there was nothing sexy about the hack job Cortez did on David Guetta's, "Titanium," you have to remember that tonight was about choosing those who weren't quite as bad as the rest. If you don't have a good voice, good looks is the next best thing.

This left us with our final two of the evening - a face off between Gurpreet and Nick Boddington. Neither of these two contestants delivered a great performance but Nick's managed to be the less offensive of the two and the judges agreed.

It appeared, after the judges announced their final decisions, that viewers were again in disagreement with the final decision. Of course, the Twitter barometer doesn't specify exactly what the viewers agree or disagree with. The 71 percent who tweeted #IdolDisagree could very well have been saying that they disagreed with the judges' decisions to save either of the final two.?

So even though they had very little to work with, the judges managed to deliver yet another five contenders for the title of American Idol. These five will join the previous five from last week:

  1. Charlie Askew
  2. Paul Jolley
  3. Elijah Liu
  4. Devin Velez
  5. Curtis Finch, Jr.

Next week, American Idol goes into hyperdrive with a three-night format. But before they do, share your thoughts about Thursday night's contestants in the comments section below. Did you find the show painful to watch? Do you think Idol should abandon their 10 boys-10 girls format and vote based solely on talent rather than gender??

Follow me on Twitter @JodiBWrites

Source: http://rss.csmonitor.com/~r/feeds/csm/~3/20hVC1f-DlM/American-Idol-Five-boys-chosen-as-Sudden-Death-ends-on-low-note

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Engadget Mobile Podcast 171 - 03.01.13

Engadget Mobile Podcast 171 - 03.01.13

"Oh my god, I didn't silence my phones?" That's how Myriam rolls... a multi-mobilist. When you're at one of the largest mobile conferences in the world, though, what do you expect? As you can imagine, the mobile crew aren't short of things to talk about this week. Head south, then, to scoop up those abundant audio news nuggets.

Hosts: Myriam Joire (tnkgrl), Brad Molen

Guests: Joseph Volpe, Mat Smith

Producer: James Trew

Music: Tycho - Coastal Brake (Ghostly International)

Hear the podcast

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Source: http://www.engadget.com/2013/03/01/engadget-mobile-podcast-171-03-01-13/

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Saturday, March 2, 2013

Android 4.2.2 binaries arrive for AOSP-supported Nexus devices

DNP Android 422 binaries arrive for AOSPsupported Nexus devices

Google has just provided a veritable boon to Android devs and custom ROM makers. The Mountain View company has recently uploaded the latest Android 4.2.2 binaries to the Nexus device download page for all AOSP-supported Nexus gear: the Nexus 4, the Nexus 7 WiFi, the Nexus 7 3G, the Nexus 10, the global version of the Galaxy Nexus and its Verizon equivalent. This also means that the AOSP binaries for the Nexus 7 3G and the Nexus 4, which had been missing from previous updates. If you've been on the hunt for the latest and greatest drivers for your wares, go ahead and download the binary of your choice from the source below and get to updating it before a certain green pie update comes along.

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Via: Android Police

Source: Google Developers

Source: http://feeds.engadget.com/~r/weblogsinc/engadget/~3/IZhzzXi5Y6w/

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6 Commonly Misunderstood Tech Terms

Most high-tech terms are not easy to understand, especially if you?don?t work in technology.? It?doesn?t?have to be that way though! Most terms just need to be explained in a different way.? On the flip side, if you work in IT, you know it?s not always easy to explain things in a way that a non-techie will understand, and here?s where we find ourselves at an impasse.? I wrote this article with the idea in mind that I could help bridge this gap by describing a few of the most commonly misunderstood terms in a way that could make sense to even the most tech-illiterate.

CPU

A CPU is not a computer; let?s get that out of the way right off the bat.? CPU actually stands for Central Processing Unit.? The CPU is really the brains of the computer.? That seems easy to understand,?doesn?t?it?? The CPU is in charge of receiving input from the computer?s hardware and software and interpreting it in a way that it can be executed.? Without the CPU, you?wouldn?t?be able to pull up Microsoft Word, send an email or doing anything really.? You might have to make the choice between an AMD and Intel processor; you are choosing a CPU manufacturer.? Some people only like Intel, some AMD; it just depends on what you plan on doing with your computer system.

The Internet

What?s the difference between the Internet and the intranet?? Well, first off, see that the Internet is capitalized; that?s because it?s describing the Internet itself, a living, breathing network of networks.? The Internet consists of government, educational and private entities that are connecting via wired or wireless networking technologies.? The Internet can seem to be something beyond understanding, but this Ted talk from Andrew Blum titled ?What is the Internet Really?? should help you understand it much better than you ever have before.

The Cloud

I guarantee you haven?t heard a buzzier tech world in your life than ?the cloud.? ?There are so many misconceptions about the cloud.? You can store your data in the cloud, house your email in the cloud, and play music that?s in the cloud on your device, among many other things.? Simply put, the cloud is a collection of servers or storage containers that exist in a location other the than your own computer?s hard drive.? For you to access your data in the cloud, you basically need an end point or a device with Internet access such as your phone, tablet or PC.? When you access your data/music/backups in the cloud, you are simply logging into a hosting company?s server or storage device and pulling down your data through the Internet.? It?s that simple.? Where your data/music/backups are?doesn?t?matter to you, just as long as you can get it on demand.? In fact, most of you have been using the cloud for a long time and don?t even realize it.? If you have any sort of webmail, such as Gmail, Yahoo or Hotmail, guess what?? You are using the cloud. Doesn?t?seem so complicated now does it?

VoIP

Voice-over-Internet Protocol or VoIP is a great technology.? Much like the cloud,?you?ve?most likely used VoIP before.? Ever used Skype?? Tango?? Vonage?? You guessed it;?you?ve?used VoIP technology.? VoIP uses the Internet Protocol to deliver voice from end to end. Basically, you are using the Internet to talk instead of a standard phone line.

App

Yes, we?ve all heard the ?there?s an app for that? ad campaign by Apple, but what is an app really?? There are apps for your banking, movie times, sports, news and, of course, games.? Apps or applications, are what I like to think of as the Internet a la carte.? Apps are basically the Internet in smaller doses.? Remember the days when we used to surf the Internet to find out banking info, or surf the Internet to read the news or get sports scores?? That era is dead (mostly, anyway) and the era of apps or Internet a la carte is alive and well.

Ethernet

We all know that the cable plugged into our router and into the back of our computer is an Ethernet cable, right?? Wrong.? The cable is actually a Cat5e cable, not an Ethernet cable.? Ethernet is a protocol used by computers to deliver networking across a physical medium such as Cat5e cable.? Ethernet can also be delivered wirelessly via radio waves emitted from a wireless router, which is what just about all of use on a daily basis.

If You?Didn?t?Know, Now You Know

Congratulations! You now know some geek speak! When it comes down to it, it?s just good to learn something new or understand it better.? The only thing I want you to take away is to never be afraid to ask a question if you don?t understand something.? There are no dumb questions, and any good IT guy would love to explain to you in detail any tech topic you are interested in.? The guys that can talk your ear off are the guys that love what they do, so don?t be afraid to ask!

Or, if geek speak is like your second language, hopefully this article will help you the next time you get stuck trying to explain to your family what you do for a living. ?I know you?ve been there!

(Editor?s note: See Greg?s blog for a post he wrote asking people to help him figure out a way to describe virtualization to his family.)

Need to brush up on your basics? Check out TrainSignal?s new CompTIA A+ 220-801 (2012 Objectives) course and sign up for a 3-day free trial to access all of our courses.

More Related Posts

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  3. How to Prepare Your Network for VoIP
  4. Augmented Reality Tech Narrows Gap Between Digital & Real Worlds
  5. How Tech Jobs Are Lifting the US Employment Data and Economy

About the Author

Greg Stuart is a vExpert and systems administrator/network administrator by trade, who has worked a slew of IT jobs in his career. He's put his time in with certification training, obtaining A+, Network+, Security+, MCP, CCNA, VCP4, VCP5 and NCDA. He now works as an IT consultant and runs the blogs, vDestination and vLATAM.

Author's Website: http://vdestination.com/

Source: http://www.trainsignal.com/blog/misunderstood-tech-terms

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